The primary recommendation of the paper is to pursue a combination of two interventions: The development of a new water source from the Shire River and a roll out of the E-Madzi program (automated water kiosks) to Blantyre. The combined intervention yields 3.2 kwacha for every kwacha invested, higher than either intervention alone. However, the analysis shows that the BWB should wait until the new supply is fully implemented, and that a sufficient proportion goes to informal settlements, before considering any rollout of E-Madzis. The benefits of the e-Madzis investment are greater the more water that is supplied to kiosks, reducing wastage, water operating costs and waiting time.
The costs and benefits of Interventions to Improve Water Service Reliability in Blantyre Malawi
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